GMO is helpful or harmful ?

A genetically modified organism (GMO) or genetically engineered organism (GEO) is an organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. These techniques, generally known as recombinant DNA technology, use DNA molecules from different sources, which are combined into one molecule to create a new set of genes. This DNA is then transferred into an organism, giving it modified or novel genes. Genetically-modified foods have made a big splash in the news since scientists have found it. People are concerned about GMO because there is no guarantee that GMO is safe, even scientists cannot make a clear explain about it. In my opinion, genetically modified organism and food is helpful in your real life.

GMO is useful for pest resistance. Farmers have been using many tons of chemical pesticides annually to kill all those pests. This has caused financial loss for farmers and starvation in developing countries if insects or pests have destroyed the crops. Besides, consumers do not wish to eat food that has been treated with pesticides as it is bad for health. The wastes of pesticides and fertilizers can also poison the water supply and cause harm to the environment. So, genetically modified foods such as BT corn help in pest resistance and reduce the uses of chemical pesticide.

GM foods can solve hunger .Scientists can transfer genes from other plants or some virus to get its benefit. For example, the genetically modified salmon will be able to grow faster and grow in the winter and summer because of the injection of a combination of a growth gene from the Pacific Chinook salmon and genetic material from the ocean pout. Genetically modified food managed to fulfill the needs of human for foods. GM foods are cheaper due to lower costs and higher yield. As people in poor countries spend over half of their income on food alone, lower food prices mean an automatic reduction of poverty.

Moreover, nutrients can be obtained from GM foods. Vitamin A deficiencies cause blindness. In Africa, 500,000 go blind each year. Foods could be genetically engineered to contain additional vitamins and minerals, so that nutrient deficiencies could be alleviated. If rice can be modified to contain more vitamin A, the amount of people going blind will decrease. As GMO crops are more nutritious, sickness and illnesses can be reduced.

Furthermore, medicines and vaccines often are costly to produce and hardly to obtain. GMO is useful as it managed to obtain the exact medicines and vaccines. It has the same effect as the non-genetically modified medicines and vaccines. Scientists manage to produce new products through the knowledge of genetically engineer. For examples, scientist identified the gene responsible for caffeine in coffee beans; by excluding this gene, decaffeinated coffee beans can be grown naturally.

In a conclusion, genetically modified organisms have their good and bad points. They can produce more food and provide many benefits to humans. However, they can also be detrimental if not used properly. They can mix with non-genetically modified crops and ruin a farmers business. Pesticides in plants can be a great benefit but they can damage the environment and be poisonous to the consumer. There is a lot of conflict over whether genetically modified organisms are good or bad for us and there is no way to know until either something really good or something really bad comes out of it.

                                                                                                            Written by

                                                                                                            Lim Whey Teen

Should Human Cloning be allowed?

In this advancement of science, there is a new element added to the study of biology, which is human cloning. Cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria, insects or plants reproduce asexually. However, should human cloning be allowed in this world? That is the question that many people all over the world have been debating. Some said that it is wrong and some agreed to do that. Some scientists found that human cloning would be nothing but beneficial to human race. For now, the law does not allow human cloning. So, should the law allow human cloning?

                Human cloning would be a positive harbinger for mankind. Scientists have been working hard on finding the cures for many present diseases which cannot be cured, but still cannot manage to discover ones. If human cloning was allowed in our nation, the study of health would drastically improve. Those diseases which cannot be cured for so long may finally have an answer for it. For example, AIDS. This is a well-known illness that damages the human immune system. There are no treatments available for this virus. With cloning, scientists could able to copy and create more white blood cells to fight off this deadly virus. This would save millions of innocent lives. Clones would also be the best organ donors. When a person has kidney failure, she does not have to suffer from several pains and she can be a healthy person again sooner. This is because of clone. Clone is an exact copy and she does not have to worry about whether her kidney can accept or not.

                Similarity, there have been some married couples facing problems of infertility, meaning they are unable to give birth. Many of these unfortunate couples desperately want children, so they go for adoption. However, the problem is those adopted kids are not actually blood related with them. With cloning, scientists managed to clone a child with their genes. He would be exact copy of one parent's DNA and live like a normal person. Cloning is the perfect solution for making many infertility women to have their own biologically related children and helps to increase human race.

                However, a handful of wary people say that cloning is unethical. There are some dangerous risks in human cloning especially in medical field. We know that all human beings will be identical in human cloning. It means that entire human is at a risk of getting infected by the same type of disease. In scientific point of view, if everyone has the same type of genes, then everyone will infected by the same virus because they all cannot defend against the same kind of serious disease. This will cause cloning become a detrimental in terms of a great disaster. A newborn baby which is genetically cloned from his mother’s DNA fragment may have the risk to get the same disease as his mother.  This is because the gene which is used to clone the baby carried the virus and caused the baby to be infected too.

                Moreover, this human cloning procedure is still questionable. The reason many scientists and most individuals feel concerned about cloning, is the uncertainty that comes with it. Scientists don't know how long clones will live or how productive their lives will be. There is also no guarantee that cloning is safe, even for the clones. In cloning Dolly, it resulted in the death of many embryos and newborns before success achieved. This shows that there is no 100% success for human cloning. In addition, even if the human clone survived, it is not guaranteed that it would develop normally. The genetic material in human cloning might have inherited genetic or other abnormal symptoms.

                In a conclusion, human cloning helps in making new medical discoveries and improve our knowledge. The cloning of humans could be the greatest achievement of medical science and it could lead the way to the solution to some of humanity's greatest problems. Although there is still some uncertainty of human cloning, with the new advancements of science and the rapid growth of technology in this field, we could continue to explore, research, and learn just as we have been doing for several years. Who knows what we will discover next! 

                                                                                                                                                               

 Written By                                                                                                                                                              Lim Whey Teen

Is Cell phone a necessity at school ?

Is cell phone a necessity at school? The question of whether cell phones should be allowed in schools has been hotly debated over the years. Most school administrations regard cell phone use as disruptive and distracting, and have implemented policies that prohibit using them on school grounds. In fact, the real decision regarding cell phones lies with parents. So, should parents allow their children to bring cell phones to school? In my opinion, parents should not allow their children to bring their cell phones to school.

The reason I do not agree that parents should allow their children to bring cell phones to school is children will not pay attention while teacher is teaching. Children may be texting, capturing photos, playing games or listening to music instead of focusing on their homework or paying attention to teachers. This may affect their studies at school. Parents are also concerned about their children will use their cell phones to cheat at school. Children will save all the information or answers in their phones, so that they can copy from it. They may also send the answer through text message to their friends while having an examination. 

Moreover, students’ cell phones maybe stolen from their friends or lost easily. This is because some students like to show off. They show their latest cell phones such as Iphone 4S and blackberry to their friends. Some students may get jealous and want to have ones too. As they are come from poor family, so, the only method to get a latest cell phone is steal from students. We have seen a lot of cases of stolen phones happened at school. Students may lost their phone easily at school. This is because they are playing with their friends and never realised that they have dropped their phone at somewhere else.

Parents are also worried about the health threats of cell phones on children. Cell phone may produce radiation which is harmful. The radiation of cell phone is harmful to us especially children who below sixteen years old as their brains are too sensitive to bear the radiation effects. Tissue in the brain and body are still developing and radiation may result to cell damage resulting to several health issues. So, parents should avoid children to face cell phones when there is unnecessary to use a cell phone such as while children is at school. However, for adults, long term and heavy use of cell phones also need to be conducted.

            In a nutshell, some parents may allow their children to bring phones to school because they want to know about the safety of their children at school and the position of their children after school. However, parents can just ask them to use public phones to contact each other if there is any emergency. Most of all, there is unnecessary for students to bring their phones to school.

Written by

Lim Whey Teen

Human cloning should be allowed ?

Human cloning should be allowed ?

What is human cloning? Human cloning is a form of cloning is designed to result in a copy of a human being or a human body part. Some say it is morally wrong, that we would be nefariously attempting to "Play the role of God." However, the facts have shown that there is nothing inherently wrong with human cloning. Scientists have proved a number of times that human cloning would be nothing but beneficial to the human race, if only it was legal. If the law allowed human cloning, it would not only save lives, but it would lead to a number of advancements in scientific research, and improve the quality of life.

First and foremost, there has been a breakthrough with human stem cells. Embryonic stem cells can be grown to produce organs or tissues to repair or replace damaged ones. Skin for burn victims, brain cells for the brain damaged, spinal cord cells for quadriplegics and paraplegics, hearts, lungs, livers, and kidneys could be produced. By combining this technology with human cloning technology it may be possible to produce needed tissue for suffering people that will be free of rejection by their immune systems. Conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, heart failure, degenerative joint disease, and other problems may be made curable if human cloning and its technology are not banned.

Besides, cloning also helps in testing for genetic disease. Cloning technology can be used to test for and perhaps cure genetic diseases. The above list only scratches the surface of what human cloning technology can do for mankind. The suffering that can be relieved is staggering. This new technology heralds a new era of unparalleled advancement in medicine if people will release their fears and let the benefits begin. Why should another child die from leukemia when if the technology is allowed we should be able to cure it in a few years time?

                With cloning, infertile couples could have children. Despite getting a fair amount of publicity in the news current treatments for infertility, in terms of percentages, are not very successful. One estimate is that current infertility treatments are less than 10 percent successful. Couples go through physically and emotionally painful procedures for a small chance of having children. Many couples run out of time and money without successfully having children. Human cloning could make it possible for many more infertile couples to have children than ever before possible.

On top of that, Because of human cloning and its technology the days of silicone breast implants and other cosmetic procedures that may cause immune disease should soon be over. With the new technology, instead of using materials foreign to the body for such procedures, doctors will be able to manufacture bone, fat, connective tissue, or cartilage that matches the patients tissues exactly. Anyone will able to have their appearance altered to their satisfaction without the leaking of silicone gel into their bodies or the other problems that occur with present day plastic surgery. Victims of terrible accidents that deform the face should now be able to have their features repaired with new, safer, technology. Limbs for amputees may be able to be regenerated. So, cloning also helps in plastic, reconstructive, and cosmetic surgery.

In a nutshell, I think that human cloning should be allowed because human cloning would be entirely beneficial for science, and the quality of life, in addition to helping the prosperity of the human race. It would save, create, and improve lives all over the world. This would be an amazing accomplishment for scientists and following this major milestone, who knows what we will discover next! Human cloning would help the human race, the world of science, and the age of technology.

 Written by,See Yee

Cell Phone Abuse

Cell Phone Abuse

  Cell phones are a wonderful convenience and fun gadgets to have. However, there is still debate about whether or not they belong in schools. Consensus needs to be reached between parents, students, and educators regarding the fair use in schools. Certainly to ban them completely is to ignore some of the educational advantages of having a cell phone in the classroom. Also, there needs to be sensible communication concerning the misuses of cell phones; some uses are definitely unacceptable. So, I definitely don’t think that cell phone is necessary in school.

  First and foremost, many children have found themselves to be victims of cell phone abuse and these acts have worry their parents. . Students often use cell phones to spread rumors and misinformation. This misinformation can be difficult for the victim to digest and can be quite stressful for a young child to comprehend. This act of misinformation has resulted in the death of several children after their private information and unsubstantiated information had been spread with the use of cell phones. State and local officials have begun to develop laws that establish strong consequences for the spread of personal information. These consequences include fines, jail time and possible sex offender status.

  However, are that they have become intrusive and have taken away from our face to face connections. Just go to any restaurant and you will see entire families glued to their cell phone screens instead of interacting with one another and this acts had cause the family bond among each other to be drift apart. So, in some ways, while we have closed a gap that physical distance once created between us and other members of our global society, we have also created a new gap fostering a divide between ourselves and the people who are physically closest to us. Additionally, of course, this attention to phones has also led to traffic accidents, cheating on tests, and other forms of fraud.

    Opponents of cell phones in schools believe cell phones do not improve school safety. For example, in the event of an emergency, cell phone signals can become jammed if everyone attempts to contact people at once, which can make it difficult for teachers to contact the authorities. If students do successfully contact their parents, parents may all rush to the scene, which can conflict with evacuations or other responses. Cell phones can also facilitate the spreading of rumors during emergency situations. In addition, cell phones are sometimes used to call in bomb threats or other threats, which students may do in order to evade a test. These calls often are untraceable. Cell phones can also be used to detonate real bombs.

  In a nutshell, cell phone had brings kids many cons compare with pros. For example, cheating with cell phones has become a huge issue in many schools. Students can text answers under their desks during tests. Plus, cell phones can be very distracting from more important events in a child’s life such as studying, doing homework, or even crossing the street. As a result, the decision of using cell phones in the school totally depends on the school authorities and parents. However, the decision must be taken after the analysis of the pros and cons of the same.

Written by,

Loke See Yee L6SN1

 Human cloning should be allowed

Should humans be cloned? This is the question that many people all over the world have been debating. Some say it is morally wrong, that we would be nefariously attempting to play the role of God. However, the facts have shown that there is nothing inherently wrong with human cloning. Based on Wikipedia, Cloning define as the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria, insects or plants reproduce asexually. Whereas, cloning in biotechnology refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments, cells (cell cloning), or organisms. Scientists have proved a number of times that human cloning would be nothing but beneficial to the human race, if only it was legal. If the law allowed human cloning, it would not only save lives, but it would lead to a number of advancements in scientific research, and improve the quality of life.

Human cloning would be a positive harbinger for mankind, and an excellent opportunity for the advancement of science. In the past century, scientists have been assiduous workers in making numerous achievements, discoveries, and inventions, giving us the knowledge we have acquired about ourselves and about the world around us. For years, scientists have studied and made tremendous progress in cloning. Experts say that if cloning research was legal we could find better treatments, and perhaps even cures for many terrible diseases that so many of us suffer and die from each year. For example, AIDS. This is a well-known illness that damages the human immune system. Even though there are treatments available, but statistics show that three million people die from AIDS each year and yet so far, no one has been able to find a cure. With cloning, scientists could copy and create more white blood cells to fight off and kill the deadly virus. This would save millions of innocent lives. It would also help in making new medical discoveries and expand our knowledge. With new advancements, we could continue to explore, research, and learn as just we have been doing for several years.

Clones would be the best organ donors. Imagine our mother suddenly gets cancer in her kidneys and she needs to have a transplant. Assuming we love our mother and would do anything for her, hence we decide to be her donor. Then after the operation, her body rejects the new, foreign organ, and the kidney fails. The doctor says that the only way she would survive would be to find a kidney with the same type of tissue as her original, healthy tissue. The solution to our mother's problem and the answer to our prayers would be cloning. Because a clone can exact copy, she would have no worries about her body accepting the organ or not. This would be the only way to save her life. But there is just one problem, cloning humans is not legal. What is going to happen to our mother? Are we going to allow our mother to die? Hence, human cloning should be allowed.

Besides, infertile couples could have biologically related children. For years, couples everywhere have been facing problems of infertility, meaning that they are unable to reproduce. Many of these unfortunate couples still want children, so they decide to adopt a child. The problem with that is that the kids are not actually blood related, and this leaves an empty hole in so many people's lives. With cloning, these couples could finally have children with their own genes. They would be exact copies of one parent's DNA. Cloning is the perfect solution for making many people incredibly happy, and helping the human race grow.

A handful of wary people say that cloning is unethical and would be deleterious to the human race. They say that there should only be one of each person in this world, because our individuality is what makes each person special and unique. I too believe that our individuality is what makes us special. But what do these people think about identical cloning? It is proven scientifically that identical twins have the same genetic information. That would mean that twins are not unique or special individuals. Their minds, personalities, health, and fitness grow and change depending on how they are raised, the things they are exposed to and the activities they become interested in. Expert, James Trefil said, "Clones would be just like twins. The only difference being that the twin is born later." It would be impossible for a clone to grow up to be exactly like his original. He would be brought up differently, have different life experiences, and have relationships entirely unique to that person. Also, as researcher, Wes Carrington says, "A clone and its donor would be very different and they would even have different fingerprints."

In a nutshell, I believe that human cloning should be allowed. It is because human cloning would be entirely beneficial for science, and the quality of life, in addition helping the prosperity of the human race. It would save, create, and improve lives all over the world. This would be an amazing accomplishment for scientists and following this major milestone, who knows what we going to discover next. Human cloning would help the human race, the world of science, and the age of technology. Hence, the government should realise the benefits of human cloning and allow doing human cloning. 

KALA

human cloning

Wow ,you look exact like me .How could it be possible? As I know I have no twins however I’m so perplexed to see you like I’m seeing my image on the mirror. I’m cloned of you by the scientist since you are so busy until you can’t manage doing two things at the same time as you can’t split into two. As we know , have naturally occur cloning which are the identical twins are produced. However in fast growing technology it could be done through CLONING. So what  is the meaning of cloning? Cloning’ typically refers to somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). SCNT involves transferring the nucleus of a somatic cell (any body cell other than a sperm or egg cell) into an enucleated oocyte. This simply means an oocyte from which the nucleus and thus most of the DNA has been removed. The oocyte is treated with electric current to stimulate cell division and an embryo is formed. The extracted DNA is inserted into womb o surrogate mother. This was proven as the first mammal Dooly the sheep was cloned using somatic  cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). However human cloning has been the main topic of the cloning debate., so human cloning should be allowed? In my opinion human cloning should be allowed since the pros of cloning outweigh the cons.

In my point of view cloning actually helps in organ replacement. I’m sure there are many of us are suffering  in diabetes. The treatment of course undergoing dialysis  process at least three times a week. It could be painful to be poked all over on your body  with big needles. However the situation can be handled since the vital organs can be cloned too. They can serve as backup system for human beings. Cloning body parts serve as a life saver. For instance the body organ such as  kidney  or heart. There’s no need for us to wait for long period of time to transplant a  kidney since  a cloned of your kidney  from  your own stem cell can be replaced. This method has higher chance to your body to accept the organ compared an organ donated by the donors which has possibly high risk of rejecting it.

Next,  cloning is expansion of opportunities for reproduction. Human reproductive cloning could offer a new means for prospective parents to satisfy their reproductive desires. It is most often presented as a possible treatment for infertility. For those unable to produce embryos of their own, cloning opens up the possibility of using donated eggs (or the woman's own eggs if she is able to produce viable eggs) and then using a somatic cell nucleus of the mother or that of her partner to create a child closely genetically related to one of them. If the female partner's egg is used to clone the genome of her male partner, the resulting child would be genetically related to both parents since the egg contains the mother's mitochondrial DNA. Further, and in particular, cloning could be used to provide homosexual couples with genetically related children.By cloning the genome of a healthy person, parents may avoid passing on inheritable diseases to their child. People might also choose to give their child the genome of a person with good health and other desirable characteristics in order to provide the child with a wide array of possible life plans. Another possible use of reproductive cloning is to help create a child that is a tissue match for a sick sibling. The stem cells from the umbilical cord blood or from the bone marrow of the cloned child could be used to cure the diseased child. Such children, referred to as ‘saviour siblings’, have already been created through sexual reproduction or, more efficiently, through a combination of IVF.

Besides , Cloning of stem cells will provide treatments for variety diseases. Because stem cells can turn into many other cell types with the right prompting, doctors may be able to replace tissues and organs damaged by disease or injury to restore healthy function. If therapeutic cloning is practiced, the fertilized egg cell is harvested. When the cell has itself a few times divided, the valuable embryonic stem cells can be taken from the developing embryo, hereby the embryo is killed.
One issue concerns the use of animal organs for transplantation to human beings, such as using the heart valve of a pig to replace a human heart valve. This kind of transplantation is called a xenotransplant. First addressed by Pope Pius XII in 1956, the Church maintains that such transplants are morally acceptable on three conditions: (1) the transplanted organ does not impair the integrity of the genetic or psychological identity of the recipient, (2) the transplant has a proven biological record of possible success, and (3) the transplant does not involve inordinate risk for the recipient.  A second issue concerns the use of organs or tissues from aborted children (such as those murdered through partial birth abortion procedures). Actually a lucrative organ “Harvesting” industry is developing which utilizes the organs and tissues of aborted fetuses. A critical point here is that these abortions are performed with the intention of utilizing the organs or tissues of the infant, and in direct conjunction with a particular recipient in mind.  Another facet of this issue is when a child is conceived naturally or through in vitro fertilization to obtain the best genetic match, and then born or even aborted simply for organs or tissues. For example, recently a couple conceived a child for the sole purpose of being a bone marrow donor for another sibling suffering from leukemia; while the conceived child determined to be a good match while still in the womb and was born, one must wonder if the child would have been aborted if he had not been a good match. To participate in an abortion to obtain organs, to conceive a child for organs, or to knowingly use organs from aborted fetuses is morally wrong. This issue has even become more complicated with the technological research in cloning. Some researchers hope to grow tissue and even organs from stem cells retrieved from human embryos; however, to do so necessitates the destruction of the embryo. Since human life begins at conception and is sacred from that very moment, such destruction is immoral.

The purpose of therapeutic cloning is to clone things such as organs and tissue for patients in need. Therapeutic applications of stem cells potentially could treat illnesses including: Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, stroke, heart attack, multiple sclerosis, blood, bone and bone marrow ailments, severe burns by providing skin grafts, spinal cord injuries, and cancer patients who have lost cells and tissue to radiation and chemotherapy. In addition, stem cells could be harnessed and packaged to deliver gene therapies to specific targets in the body to treat genetic problems.

Last but not least, plastic, reconstructive, and cosmetic surgery could be replaced with cloning. For example, of human cloning and its technology the days of silicone breast implants and other cosmetic procedures that may cause immune disease should soon be over. With the new technology, instead of using materials foreign to the body for such procedures, doctors will be able to manufacture bone, fat, connective tissue, or cartilage that matches the patients tissues exactly. Anyone will able to have their appearance altered to their satisfaction without the leaking of silicone gel into their bodies or the other problems that occur with present day plastic surgery. Victims of terrible accidents that deform the face should now be able to have their features repaired with new, safer, technology.

In the nutshell,Cloning offers remarkable insight into the power of creation that humanity has taken into its fold. One theological analysis holds that humans are co-creators with God; perhaps it is more accurate to say that humans are moving ever closer to a posture of making babies, rather than having babies. Cloning represents a remarkable test of human restraint, wisdom and institutional development, one that will in many ways identify the moral features of 21st century biotechnology.

WRITTEN BY,

FARZANA

cell phones

When I was in school, I didn't have a cell phone. Neither did I have one in my high school. I got one when I was in the last year of college. Too  late? That I wouldn't know. You see, there was no other way then. Now when I do have my cell phone, I can't really think of life without it. It seems to have become a sickeningly important part of my life. And when I look around today, I find that students as young as 10 are carrying cell phones to school. Which leads to the question - is that really necessary, or is it an extravagance? AS parents I strongly agreed that cell phones should not be used in school.

This is because cell phones causes distraction. Along with the many applications available on a cell phone, an important one is that of texting. There is no guarantee that a student will not text during class hours. Which, along with posing as a distraction, also affects their concentration on studies and thereby the overall learning process. Not only does the factor of distraction come into the picture in relation to students, but also in relation to teachers and the classroom in general. For example, when the phone starts ringing in class (or even if is on 'vibration mode'), the teacher might lose his/her link of teaching and that will prove to be a major disadvantage for the entire class. Not to mention that it is extremely disrespectful for the teacher who is conducting the class.

As parents we should aware what is going on in the fast growing technology. The teens especially  will make nuisance with cell phones by dealing with illegal activities. The cell phones could turn into potent device for some students. They might click snaps that are not right, or record videos that are questionable in nature or call the school and report a bomb threat as a prank or to cancel classes. They may also use the phone to draw out other illegal activities like drug deals, thefts and the like. So also, if the phone is used extensively, it could lead to an extravagant bill.

The most nerve-cracking is that our children tend to cheat in exams. Now it is a trend among students the way they misuse the technology. Students will probably text their friends  to look up for the answer. They usually photograph information of text book answers and use it to cheat in exams. These habits actually cultivate the teens to copy more in getting high marks in their exams.

Other than that, all the sophisticated cell phones are brought by the rich students. This will lead to many social problems like jealousy among the students that will lead to stilling. This will cause a lot of problems in school, and head ache for parents as  we are called by the authorities  to discuss  the problem. In my opinion that they most probably they brought cell phones  to keep in touch with strangers which they found exited to text message without our knowledge. We are able to Control children’s communications with friends, social engagements and who they are in contact with, when they are too young to understand all of the risks. All the reasons I stated clearly for my stand to against bringing cell phones to school.

WRITTEN BY,
FARZANA

human cloning

          Should humans be cloned? That is the question that many people all over the world have been debating. Some say it is morally wrong, that we would be nefariously attempting to "Play the role of God." However, the facts have shown that there is nothing inherently wrong with human cloning. Scientists have proved a number of times that human cloning would be nothing but beneficial to the human race, if only it was legal. If the law allowed human cloning, it would not only save lives, but it would lead to a number of advancements in scientific research, and improve the quality of life.

          First and foremost, clones would be the best organ donors.There has been a breakthrough with human stem cells.  Embryonic stem cells can be grown to produce organs or tissues to repair or replace damaged ones.  Skin for burn victims, brain cells for the brain damaged, spinal cord cells for quadriplegics and paraplegics, hearts, lungs, livers, and kidneys could be produced.  By combining this technology with human cloning technology it may be possible to produce needed tissue for suffering people that will be free of rejection by their immune systems.  Conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, heart failure, degenerative joint disease, and other problems may be made curable if human cloning and its technology are not banned.

          For years, couples everywhere have been facing problems of infertility, meaning they are unable to reproduce. Many of these unfortunate couples still want children, so they settle for adoption.  With cloning, infertile couples could have children.  Despite getting a fair amount of publicity in the news current treatments for infertility, in terms of percentages, are not very successful.  One estimate is that current infertility treatments are less than 10 percent successful.  Couples go through physically and emotionally painful procedures for a small chance of having children.  Many couples run out of time and money without successfully having children.  Human cloning could make it possible for many more infertile couples to have children than ever before possible.

          Besides, human cloning and its technology the days of silicone breast implants and other cosmetic procedures that may cause immune disease should soon be over. With the new technology, instead of using materials foreign to the body for such procedures, doctors will be able to manufacture bone, fat, connective tissue, or cartilage that matches the patients tissues exactly.  Anyone will able to have their appearance altered to their satisfaction without the leaking of silicone gel into their bodies or the other problems that occur with present day plastic surgery. Victims of terrible accidents that deform the face should now be able to have their features repaired with new, safer, technology. Limbs for amputees may be able to be regenerated.

          However, cardiovascular disease is the number one killer in the United States and several other industrialized countries.Percentage of human being who suffered from cardiovascular disease increase rapidly.Human cloning technology could be used to reverse cardiovascular disease. Scientists believe that they may be able to treat cardiovascular disease victims by cloning their healthy heart cells and injecting them into the areas of the heart that have been damaged.  

          In a nutshell, human cloning would be entirely beneficial for science, and the quality of life, in addition to helping the prosperity of the human race. It would save, create, and improve lives all over the world. This would be an amazing accomplishment for scientists and following this major milestone, who knows what we will discover next! Human cloning would help the human race, the world of science, and the age of technology. The government would be blind not to see the benefits and allow human cloning. It is only a matter of time before they. 

Written by,

Kek Ai Ling

Human Cloning

What is cloning? It is defined as the creation of an organism that is an exact genetic copy of another. I believe every one know about the presence of Dolly the sheep which is cloned by Ian Wilmot, with Keith Campbell, however he had a team who helped him in Edinburgh in 1997. How about human cloning? Cloning technologies is much more modern than previous years.  These human cloning were not making in lab, it is created naturally. There is couple of ways which is embryo twinning and somatic cell nuclear transfer. Of course, through human cloning, there are still pros and cons about it. Should human cloning be allowed? In my point of view, I disagree with it.

According to the procedures of human cloning, there a unacceptable risks to clone. The procedure is far from the perfected and many trials were run before Dolly was ever created. This causes the death of many clones before it. There are many risks involved including risk to an ovum donor, a nucleus donor and a woman who receives the embryo for implantations, along with all the risks to the clone in this experimental procedure. There is also the problem with chronological age versus biological age. The clone has already gained many years by the time it was born because it was taken out from adult cells. This means the clone does not have as long of a life expectancy. This is an intrusion of the clone’s right to live a long and prosperous life.

Since cloning creates identical genes and it is a process of replicating a complete genetic constitution, it can significantly hamper the much needed deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) diversity in human beings. The lessening of genes diversity will be weakening out adaptation ability. Similarly, cloning will also severely affect diversity in plants and animals. A cloned species may not know how to react viruses and other destructive agents as scientists cannot predict such potential developments.

However, there are many negative aspects about human cloning debating among scientists and critics. One of the aspects is the possibility of physical harm to the human embryo. It seem like the technology is not safe enough to use on humans. The cloned ones will age quicker than the original individual. This is what the scientists are afraid of since the cell used in the cloning procedure has already been used in a real life individual. Psychological harms would occur and fall upon children. They could suffer from a reduced sense of individuality, and a cloned child may feel that their future is worthless as it now rests in a cloned individual. There are also critics argue about that cloning encourages parents to value how well children can genetically meet their expectation rather than loving them for being their child. Some parents and society takes those cloned as object instead of their children or not as human being with realistic feeling. It is also seen that if human cloning occurs it would become a chaos in a reality and a regular social practice for those parents who want to “play the lottery” and not genetically choose their child may be cast out of society. This will eventually lead the cloned ones feel that their life may already be laid out before them and have no choices. They will also face psychological problems and discrimination because of the press about their identity.

Human cloning used on a very widespread basis would have disastrous effect on the human gene pool by reducing genetic diversity and out capacity to adapt to new conditions. Like many cloned plants, human may face extinction if evolution is not allowed to follow its proper course of action.

Moreover, misuse by unscrupulous elements would occur. For example, some unwanted elements of the society may exploit human cloning of the sake of their malicious intention posing in this way a grave threat to the society and state. Number of criminals will be maximise which involved in producing crucial parts of human body, exploiting the cloning are often arrested by the police which reveals how arbitrarily the human cloning is misused internationally.

Violate moral or human rights argue in the issue of human cloning. God creates every human in this universe have their own unique identity and a right to ignorance about one’s future or to an “open future.” This could easily be disputed because of the nature of identical twins. They share the exact same genome but have different lives and futures. The right to ignorance and an open future is a differ issue. There already exists another version of the clone and they already know certain things about themselves and the future they have to live up to. The later clone may lose the spontaneity of authenticity creating and becoming his or her own self. Thus, one will lose the sense of human possibility in freely creating one’s own future.

Human cloning will also cause controversy in kinship relation. Any woman donating her DNA for a cloned has got to encounter a complex situation regarding relationship of mother and child as the human cloning deprives the mother of a privilege of being a mother of her cloned baby. As the mother of a cloned baby is treated as a genetic twin, the significance of relationship between mother and child vanishes.

In the other hand, human cloning would lessen the worth of individuals and diminish respect for human life. Human life would be seen as replaceable. If something happened to a person such as being killed, it can be simply replace it through cloning. In fact, it would create a different child and could never replace the lost ones. Clones would be subject to discrimination based on the fact that they are clone and did not arise because of sexual reproduction.

From the point above I had mentioned, human cloning is disadvantage to occur because it has more negative purpose then the positive ones. Cloning can only help in certain category such as cloning organ and many more but not all. Therefore, human cloning is not beneficial for humans.

Shin Wei

Should human cloning be allowed?

Should human cloning be allowed?

What is human cloning all about?  The process of human cloning comprises creating a copy of a human being that is genetically identical to him by the means of asexual reproduction. Should cloning for human benefits or even human cloning itself be allowed in society today? That is a question we must ask ourselves. In my opinion, I agree that human cloning should be allowed. This is because human cloning  providing better research capabilities to find cures to many health problem and diseases. Besides that, it can help some infertile parents who do not wish to have artificial insemination to get a child and that child may have physical characteristics same as their parents.

            Through cloning and other forms of genetic research scientists are all ready learning all kinds of important information about the genetic make up of cancer and before long we may have the cure for cancer. Though the cure for cancer is reason enough not to ban cloning it is by no means the only benefit this new technology could create for the medical field. For example, the average person carries 8 defective genes inside them. These defective genes allow people to become sick when they would otherwise remain healthy. With human cloning and its technology it may be possible to ensure that we no longer suffer because of our defective genes.

            Furthermore, embryonic stem cells can be grown to produce organs or tissues to repair or replace damaged ones. Skin for burn victims, brain cells for the brain damaged, spinal cord cells for quadriplegics and paraplegics, hearts, lungs, livers, and kidneys could be produced. By combining this technology with human cloning technology it may be possible to produce needed tissue for suffering people that will be free of rejection by their immune systems. For example, human cloning technology could be used to reverse heart attacks.  Scientists believe that they may be able to treat heart attack victims by cloning their healthy heart cells and injecting them into the areas of the heart that have been damaged. 

            Moreover, many couples that are infertile still have a great desire to create a new life however the current method in vitro fertilization is very often ineffective.   In fact it only results in a healthy pregnancy 10% of the time.  However, human cloning would also help people who are suffering from infertility. They can just get themselves cloned and have a baby of their own. If you add a bit of genetic engineering, you will have designer babies that are exact copies of the parents with some additional talents and looks. People will be able to fulfill their desires that they lack and create a clone of themselves with all the extra qualities they would love to possess. Talented people like Leonardo da Vinci, Picasso, Beethoven can be cloned once again and they can carry forward their legacy of creativity for a whole new generation. 

            In conclusion, cloning to some extent is good. You can clone organs and blood tissues to save lives. But cloning humans for harvesting human organs is a bad idea. In my opinion, I agree that human cloning should be allowed. It provide better research capabilities to find cures to many health problem such as cancer. It also help some of the infertile parents to get a child. Human cloning may be illegal and unethical today to clone humans but no one knows what the future holds. The future can give birth to clones who are either a boon or a bane to human race. So whether we will choose to become God or remain humans, is something that only time will tell.

Written by,

Yi Xian

Should Human Cloning be Allowed?

Human cloning has been a major issue over the past decade or so, at the beginning we started to changed the structure of plants, etc like tomatoes because of the food sources, we made them immune to diseases so that they grew bigger and lasted longer. Nobody thought that was made, then the scientists managed to clone sheep the first to be called 'Dolly' but they did not want to stop there and they wanted to clone human beings. About that, there are many argument in the world today regarding the disadvantage of cloning.

          People believe that cloning could be immoral, because some human characteristics are more important then a clones body. It could destroy human nature and the fact that cloning denies the 'Sanctity of Life'.
   
          Besides that, cloning mammals is still a highly experimental technique. Scientists involved in cloning various mammals have reported many technical problems. A large majority of the clones die during gestation or soon after birth. Placental malfunction seems to be a major cause of death. Many of the surviving clones are plagued with serious physiological and genetic problems. During embryological development, cloned sheep, cows, pigs, and mice tend to become unusually large. Although some scientists suggested that human clones might not experience the problems encountered in cloned animals, the risks remains very high and quite unpredictable.

          On the other sides, there are still a lot of benefit of cloning. Clones would be the best organ donors. Imagine your mother suddenly gets cancer in her kidneys and she needs to have a transplant. Assuming you love your mother and would do anything for her, you decide to be her donor. Then after the operation, her body rejects the new, foreign organ, and the kidney fails. The doctor says that the only way she would survive would be to find a kidney with the same type of tissue as her original, healthy tissue. The solution to your mother's problem and the answer to your prayers would be cloning. Because a clone is an exact copy, she would have no worries about her body accepting the organ or not. This would be the only way to save her.

          In addition, infertile couples could have biologically related children. For years, couples everywhere have been facing problems of infertility, meaning they are unable to reproduce. Many of these unfortunate couples still want children, so they settle for adoption. The problem with that is that the kids are not actually blood related, and this leaves an empty hole in so many people's lives. With cloning, these couples could finally have children with their genes. They would be exact copies of one parent's DNA. Cloning is the perfect solution for making many people incredibly happy, and helping the human race grow.

          In conclusion, there are more serious negative effect of cloning although its advantages can be detect. In my opinion, human should not be cloned. We have to face the nature – dead which should process by every human beings.

Yew Soo Ee

Should human cloning be allowed??

Should human cloning be allowed?

Cloning in general has been a rising debated issue across the globe since before Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1996.The success of being able to clone animal brought scientists to wonder about a more challenging task, cloning humans. This challenging task is morally wrong and should not be stood for. However, some people seem not to realize the negative aspects that cloning would bring into a world which is already nuisance.  We cannot deny that cloning may help in saving one’s life or making someone’s life better but will it cause nuisance to the society with the misuse of the cloning process?

First of all, the advantage of cloning is this process provide organs for transplantation where if vital organ in human body is cloned and served as a backup system. The cloned body parts like heart, lungs liver and many more could be a lifesaver. Furthermore, when the organ failed to function well, it may be replaced with the cloned organs. Moreover, the doctors can clone identical organs like kidney so that the patient will not face risk of rejection of the kidney after operation. Thus, it will be safer and directly benefit the patients. In the case of accident victims, or transplant patients, obtaining the needed tissues, or organ parts in a timely manner can mean the difference between life and death. In this situation, the ability of being able to produce needed tissue materials and organs in the lab would provide a timely source of treatment. In short, cloning helps to save one’s life.

Recently, the success rate of current infertility treatments is very low. Further, the couple has to go through tormenting procedures with a small chance of getting a child. The advent of cloning technology will make it possible for infertile couples to have child than ever before where the cloned embryos are implanted into their bodies. This method, while providing couples with the chance to conceive, and also the capability to determine the gender of an embryo, which would make it possible to select which embryo lives and which one dies depending on its gender. Thus, cloning may help to eliminate the mental and physical pains among the infertile couples.

Besides that, cloning has the ability to determine the health of an infant.  The process of cloning can eliminate all the worrying regarding the child’s health. Scientist can alter the genes to ensure a healthy child. For example, if a mother has given birth to two children which suffered from Down’s syndrome. Doctors can manipulate and balance out the number of chromosomes in the embryo to give the mother a normal and healthy child. Through the cloning process, parents can also prevent their child from inheriting their sickness that their child might high risk of inheriting it.  Thus, the cloning process might help in ensuring younger generation from inheriting unwanted genes from their parents.

In a nutshell, I strongly feel that cloning should not be banned from the society as this process has contribute lots of advantages to the society and provide a better life for the future generations. Every coin has two sides, cloning has its flip side too. Nevertheless, we cannot deny that cloning might cause nuisances to the society if it is misused by other irresponsible homo sapiens for their own benefit. However if it is used in an appropriate manner, it will contribute lots of pros to the world.

JoYuin

Principle’s opinions :
When I was in school, I didn't have a cell phone. I got one when I was in the last year of when I was studying in college. Now when I do have my cell phone, I can't really think of life without it. It seems to have become a sickeningly important part of my life. And when I look around today, I find that students as young as 10 are carrying cell phones to school. It is that really necessary, or is it an extravagance?. I think bring cell phone in classroom is not suitable.


Many academics believe that there should be a banning of cell phones in school. They say that the disadvantages of carrying a cell phone outweigh the advantages . Along with the many applications available on a cell phone, an important one is that of texting. There is no guarantee that a student will not text during class hours. Which, along with posing as a distraction, also affects their concentration on studies and thereby the overall learning process. Not only does the factor of distraction come into the picture in relation to students, but also in relation to teachers and the classroom in general. For example, when the phone starts ringing in class or even if is on 'vibration mode', the teacher might lose their focus of attention of teaching and that will prove to be a major disadvantage for the entire class. Not to mention that it is extremely disrespectful for the teacher who is conducting the class. Effect of this, will distract the concentration of student when studying in class.

Teacher's opinion :


      Schools go through cycles of problems and debates. Centuries ago the debate surrounded issues about where and if students should be able to smoke at school and if girls could wear pants.


        Many of today's debates deal with the use of technology. Cell phones being the major question. Parents, students, teachers, and school administrators all have opinions on either why or why not children should be allowed to have cell phones at school.However, the debate is not only limited to the children. Teachers and administrators are now seeing debates among themselves. School principals are witnessing more and more cell phone use by their teachers.

       Teachers find it easier to make calls from their cell phones in the room rather than heading down to the office and possibly waiting in line. Some teachers feel that it is better to use the cell phone in their classroom rather than to leave the children unattended to go and make a call elsewhere in the building.

      Some of these calls being made pertain to the school. Teachers are returning the calls of parents, calling about sick children, calling about major discipline troubles, or calling to arrange school trips and such. Some of the calls are personal. Teachers keep cell phones on to hear from sick family members or other family issues. Some teachers are simply making doctor appointments and hair appointments.

     Regardless of the reason of the call, one cannot deny that if students are not allowed to use their phones during class then teachers should not either. Most school administrators limit teachers to cell phone use to during their lunch and other breaks when students are not present. However, like students, not all teachers follow the rules.Under extreme circumstances and emergencies, most principals are more than willing to be cooperative about teacher and student cell phone use.

Cell phones can actually be a great help in some situations. For example, when school lets out early for weather conditions the school phones lines are jammed with calls. Cell phones allow for teachers to reach and contact more parents than the school phones alone

Parents opinion :

Today, mobile phone has become popular to everybody since it is very convenient. The most advantage of having a mobile phone is our chidren can communicate to us when they having problems at schools.From my opnion as a parent I think mobile phones give advantages to our children.

First of all, cell phones can be very helpful in the classrooms. They could use their camera on cell phones to take pictures of school experiments being done by the teacher. This would help them to remember information for an upcoming test. Also, they could perform phone interviews during class time. Most cell phones have calendars on them, so they can put the due date of a test that is coming up.In addition,they could record their teacher giving a lecture.

In addition, if there was an emergency they can contact us as soon as possible. If a gunman came into a school then they could call 911 and give them information on his whereabouts, what he looks like, and a description of his clothes. For these reasons, cell phones can become lifesavers in an emergency. If happened to pass out in a classroom, it would be faster to call on a cell phone versus taking 5 minutes to run down to the office and make the call. Ultimately,this could save our children life. If they has a medical problem, they can reach their parents if they do not want to go to the school . If they is in a position where they cannot get help from someone at school, they have their phone to contact the hospital if they were sick. For example, my son has had a cell phone since she was nine years old. If she runs into any problems, she can easily contact us. For many parents,a cell phones is a convenient way to contact their children.

Mobile phone can also help us to know where our children are after school. If we are not able to call or text our children at school, then it would be less likely chance that a mix-up would occur relaying messages. Sending them a text message or leaving them a voice mail when they need to tell them something that cannot wait until the end of the school day.They can also contact us when they have forgotten something at home or have forgotten to tell us something. It would save the office staff time because they would not have to be running around the school all day delivering messages.We may need to get in contact with them because of a family emergency such as, a death in the family or an accident that has happened.This would be easy to us to communicate with our children. Mobile phone can also help us to know where our children are after school. Today, cell phones are more like a small hand-held computer. That could become very useful in schools that don't have a lot of extra computers for the children to use.

In conclusion, for many parent, cell phones have become an important part of daily life. The ability to communicate with a cell phone, along with our children other features has made life easier.Lastly,as a parent I think cell phones give many advantages than disadvantages to our children.

written by,

Intan Humairah binti Abu Bakar

Asyraaf Syahir bin Ahmad

Mohd. Aim Faqhrudin bin Mohd. Kifli